The competition for ocean resources in Africa has intensified, leading to significant conflicts that threaten both environmental sustainability and the livelihoods of coastal communities. Research covering 34 African countries from 2008 to 2018 revealed over 1,000 conflicts, primarily non-violent disputes over access to fisheries and coastal areas, which accounted for nearly 75% of the cases. These conflicts often involve multiple sectors, highlighting the need for cooperation in planning and management. Effective governance is crucial, as inadequate enforcement of regulations has been a common cause of disputes. Policymakers are encouraged to adopt inclusive practices that consider the needs of marginalized groups, such as small-scale fishers and Indigenous communities. Successful examples of conflict resolution, like Ghana's new 2025 Fisheries and Aquaculture Act, which reserves more area for small-scale fishers, demonstrate the potential for governance changes to alleviate tensions. Engaging communities through dialogue and collaborative decision-making is essential for achieving the goals of a sustainable blue economy in Africa.