President Donald Trump has intensified his criticism of NATO, threatening to withdraw the United States from the military alliance due to European members' reluctance to assist in the Strait of Hormuz. The U.S. Constitution allows the president to make treaties but is silent on withdrawal processes. Article 13 of the North Atlantic Treaty permits withdrawal with a year's notice, but no member has ever done so. In 2023, Congress passed legislation requiring a two-thirds Senate majority for any withdrawal, complicating Trump's threat. Despite previous opinions suggesting presidential authority in treaty withdrawal, experts argue that a lack of commitment from the president and military could undermine congressional efforts to maintain NATO relations. Legal challenges to a potential withdrawal would likely face difficulties in U.S. courts, particularly given the Supreme Court's conservative majority.