According to the Indian Council of Medical Research, 1 in 100 children in India is affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a condition that presents significant challenges in social communication and behavior. Dr. Pallavi Sharma, a psychiatrist at Fortis Escorts in New Delhi, explains that autism is classified under neurodevelopmental disorders and can manifest in various ways, affecting both children and adults. Early signs include difficulties with eye contact and delayed speech, which can lead to a diagnosis if evaluated promptly.

ASD often coexists with other conditions, such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which affects 35% of children and 50-85% of adults with autism. Additionally, anxiety is reported in 17-26% of autistic individuals, while depression and sleep disorders are also prevalent. Dr. Sharma emphasizes that early intervention through therapies like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and speech therapy can significantly enhance communication and adaptive skills.

Despite misconceptions, autism is not caused by poor parenting or vaccines, and it requires a supportive environment that embraces neurodiversity. Awareness and inclusive policies are essential to help those affected by autism navigate their challenges and improve their quality of life.