The Indian government is initiating a delimitation exercise to expand the Lok Sabha from 543 to 850 seats, aiming to implement a one-third reservation for women in Parliament. The new Delimitation Commission will base its work on the 2011 census data, with the process expected to conclude before the 2029 General Elections. This will mark the fifth delimitation exercise since 1952, where previous revisions only adjusted constituency boundaries without changing the total number of seats. The proposed changes have ignited a debate over regional representation, particularly a perceived North vs South divide, as northern states are projected to gain more seats due to higher population growth, while southern states, which have implemented successful population control measures, may lose representation. Opposition leaders, including Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin and Telangana Chief Minister Revanth Reddy, have expressed concerns about potential gerrymandering and the impact on federalism, advocating for a 'Hybrid Model' that considers both population and economic contributions. The government's push for these changes has received both support and criticism, highlighting the contentious nature of the exercise.