Delimitation is a crucial process in India that involves redrawing constituency boundaries to reflect population changes. This could lead to an increase in Lok Sabha seats from 543 to around 850, a move that has ignited political debates across the country. The exercise, carried out by an independent commission, uses Census data to ensure fair representation by adjusting constituencies according to population shifts. Currently, the seat distribution is based on 1971 population data, with the last major delimitation occurring in 2002. The proposed changes could favor northern states, which may gain more seats, while southern states express concerns about losing political influence. Unlike previous practices, the new bill allows Parliament to decide the timing and Census data for future delimitation exercises, raising questions about the political balance between the North and South.